
Above-forecast US growth has not prevented the Dollar from remaining lower against the Yen following disappointing results from Amazon (AMZN) and Intel (INTC). Around the European Central Bank's (ECB) decision, USD/JPY touched a session peak just above 158.00. Two retreats from that level have since left the pair just above 157.50, towards the lower end of its session range.

At an annual rate of 3.4%, third-quarter US growth exceeded the 3.2% forecast, while core Personal Consumption Expenditures Price Index (PCE) inflation came in at 3.1%, as expected. Neither release prompted much movement in USD/JPY. Following Wednesday's 10-2 vote to leave rates unchanged, futures put the probability of a December Fed rate rise at close to 85%. Such a move would take the US rate underpinning USD/JPY's interest-rate differential to 4.00%-4.25%.
With its policy rate at 1.25%, the Bank of Japan (BoJ) opened a two-day meeting on Thursday. Most analysts surveyed by Reuters anticipate a rate of 1.5% in December. September brought quarter-point increases from both the Fed and the BoJ, leaving USD/JPY's interest-rate differential unchanged at 2.50-2.75 points.
Due on Thursday at 23:30 GMT, Tokyo's October Consumer Price Index (CPI) is forecast to show a 2.6% rise in prices excluding fresh food, following 2.7%. Friday then brings the BoJ decision, with no set release time. BoJ Governor Ueda will hold a news conference at 06:30 GMT and speak again on November 6 at 16:00 GMT. These releases and appearances all have implications for when the BoJ next raises rates.
Friday's speakers include San Francisco Fed President Daly at 16:00 GMT, followed by St. Louis Fed President Musalem at 16:30 GMT. Following September's 29K increase, the October Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) report arrives on November 6 at 13:30 GMT and will inform the Fed's December decision.
The 200-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA) currently sits at USD/JPY's trading level, while the 50-day EMA is slightly above it. From an early-September trough just below 153.00, the pair advanced to just above 159.00 on September 24. That peak has not been exceeded since. A little more than two-fifths of the decline from the late-July high just below 164.00 has now been retraced.

Among the world's most actively traded currencies, the Japanese Yen (JPY) takes its broad direction from Japan's economic performance. More specific influences include Bank of Japan policy, the gap between Japanese and US bond yields, and traders' appetite for risk, alongside other factors.
Currency control forms part of the Bank of Japan's mandate, making its actions an important influence on the Yen. Direct intervention in foreign exchange markets has sometimes been used by the BoJ, usually to weaken the currency. Political concerns among Japan's main trading partners, however, discourage frequent intervention. Between 2013 and 2024, the BoJ's ultra-loose monetary stance widened the policy divergence with other major central banks, weakening the Yen against its principal currency peers. More recently, a gradual withdrawal of that ultra-loose policy has provided the Yen with some support.
By maintaining ultra-loose monetary policy over the past decade, the BoJ increasingly diverged from other central banks, particularly the US Federal Reserve. The resulting widening of the gap between 10-year US and Japanese bond yields favoured the US Dollar over the Japanese Yen. That differential is now narrowing as other major central banks cut interest rates and the BoJ follows through on its 2024 decision to move gradually away from ultra-loose policy.
Investors often regard the Japanese Yen as a safe-haven asset, turning to it more readily during periods of market stress because of its perceived reliability and stability. In turbulent conditions, the Yen is therefore likely to appreciate against currencies considered riskier investments.