German data lift euro against Canadian dollar

  • Germany’s October Manufacturing PMI was confirmed at 54.2, indicating robust expansion and lending support to EUR/CAD.
  • A 2.0% month-on-month fall in German Retail Sales in September undershot forecasts for a 0.4% increase, reflecting weaker spending.
  • The Canadian Dollar could come under pressure from lower oil prices after OPEC+ opted to leave December output targets unchanged.

Up over 0.5%, EUR/CAD trades near 1.5680 in Monday’s Asian session, extending the previous day’s modest advance. The cross is being supported by continued Euro (EUR) strength following the publication of German economic figures.

TMGM Analysis: Financial Market News, Economic Calendar & Market Insights

At 54.2, the final October reading for the S&P Global Germany Manufacturing PMI was the second-highest in almost four-and-a-half years, surpassed only by August’s recent peak and up from September’s 53.9. By contrast, German Retail Sales, an important gauge of consumer spending, fell 2.0% month on month in September after rising 1.2% in August, revised from 1.3%. Markets had expected a 0.4% increase. On an annualised basis, September’s Retail Sales reading was -2.3%, following a 0.3% decline previously, revised from -0.4.

Lower oil prices could put pressure on the commodity-linked Canadian Dollar (CAD), helping EUR/CAD advance. Crude weakened after OPEC+ agreed to leave December oil production targets unchanged, maintaining required output at September levels. The agreement sets Saudi Arabia’s allocation at 10.478 million barrels per day (bpd), Russia’s at 9.949 million bpd and Iraq’s at 4.431 million bpd.

Crude also came under pressure as investors balanced continuing diplomatic attempts to resolve the Middle East conflict against concerns about fresh US military action against Iran. In a third consecutive day of talks, Qatari and Iranian officials sought an agreement to end the war before the US midterm elections.

Rising energy prices deepen market strain amid doubts over AI trade

Reviewing the past month, Deutsche Bank strategists describe several pressures converging as “investors grappled with mounting doubts around the AI trade, French sovereign stress, and higher energy prices.” Their assessment notes that Brent crude “(+13.6%) extended its rise amid concerns over renewed US-Iran escalation,” illustrating the direct effect of geopolitical tensions on energy markets. Tightening European gas markets added to the difficulties facing risk assets, with “European natural gas [rising] above €100/MWh for the first time since 2022,” compounding an already demanding market backdrop.

Euro: key questions answered

Used by the 20 European Union countries within the Eurozone, the Euro ranks second only to the US Dollar among the world’s most traded currencies. It represented 31% of all foreign exchange transactions in 2022, with average daily turnover exceeding $2.2 trillion. An estimated 30% of all transactions involve EUR/USD, making it the world’s most traded currency pair. EUR/JPY follows with 4%, ahead of EUR/GBP at 3% and EUR/AUD at 2%.

Based in Frankfurt, Germany, the European Central Bank (ECB) serves as the Eurozone’s central bank, setting interest rates and overseeing monetary policy. Maintaining price stability is its principal mandate, whether through containing inflation or supporting growth. Changes to interest rates are its main policy instrument. Higher rates, or expectations that rates will rise, generally support the Euro; the reverse also applies. Monetary policy is determined by the ECB Governing Council at eight meetings each year. The decision-makers comprise the heads of the Eurozone’s national central banks and six permanent members, among them ECB President Christine Lagarde.

Measured using the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP), Eurozone inflation is a key economic indicator for the Euro. An inflation reading above expectations, particularly one exceeding the ECB’s 2% target, requires the central bank to raise interest rates to restore control over price growth. When interest rates are relatively high compared with those elsewhere, the Euro usually benefits because the region becomes a more attractive destination for global investors’ funds.

The Euro can respond to economic releases because they provide a measure of the economy’s health. GDP, manufacturing and services PMIs, employment figures and consumer sentiment surveys can all help shape the single currency’s direction. Economic strength supports the Euro by drawing in additional foreign investment and potentially prompting the ECB to raise interest rates, which would directly strengthen the currency. Weak figures, by contrast, are likely to weigh on the Euro. Particular attention is paid to Germany, France, Italy and Spain, the euro area’s four largest economies, as together they represent 75% of the Eurozone economy.

The trade balance is another important release for the Euro, showing the difference between a country’s export earnings and its import expenditure over a specified period. Strong overseas demand for a country’s exports generates additional demand for its currency as foreign buyers seek to purchase those goods, increasing its value. A positive net trade balance therefore supports a currency, while a negative balance has the opposite effect.